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Synthetic zeolite molecular sieves are a type of silicon-aluminum silicate crystal with a strict framework structure. The internal framework formed by the silicon-aluminum tetrahedra has countless micropores with three-dimensional connectivity, and it is a strong polar adsorbent with uniform pore diameters, possessing high selectivity and adsorption separation capabilities. As the silicon-aluminum ratio increases, the polarity of the molecular sieve gradually decreases. Therefore, molecular sieves with a low silicon-aluminum ratio have a stronger ability to adsorb water and are suitable for deep dehydration of gases.
Molecular sieves are commonly used as efficient dehydration agents for compressed natural gas. Their main advantages are as follows:
①Molecular sieves can deeply dehydrate gases. Under normal circumstances, their
adsorption capacity is higher than that of other adsorbents, thus enabling the reduction of the size of the drying tower and saving costs.
②Molecular sieves can also effectively dry gases at higher temperatures.
③Molecular sieves can selectively adsorb moisture, preventing the co-adsorption of heavy hydrocarbons which would cause the adsorbent to lose its effectiveness.
④Molecular sieves are less susceptible to damage from liquid water, while adsorbents like silica gel tend to become brittle when exposed to water.
When the gas passes through the molecular sieve bed, the water vapor molecules in the gas enter the pores of the molecular sieve along with the gas flow. Since water molecules are strong polar molecules, they are adsorbed onto the pores and no longer move with the gas; while hydrocarbon gases such as methane are non-polar molecules and can pass through smoothly, thus achieving gas drying.
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